This study describes the lives of people in the buffer area of Alaspurvo National Park, especially Kutorejo Village Kalipait Hamlet, which has local wisdom in the form of many traditions, rules, and abstinences that are still passed down through generations.This local wisdom has the value of ecological intelligence about the relationship of human activity with its ecosystem. Local wisdom owned by the community is used as a reference in the management of forest areas and coastal waters, both in the form of myths and abstinence. The center of attention of ecological studies according to Julian Steward is the process of cultural adaptation to the environment. This process is seen as a form of dialectic relationship in the context of interdependence with others. The type of research used in case study design is descriptive and qualitative. The results showed that the community around Alas Purwo National Park has local wisdom in the form of a number of traditions, rules or restrictions that are still valid for generations which are then maintained and obeyed until now. The abstinence is in the form of a ban on killing peacocks and abstinence in the payang system.

Community health services are the mechanism through which households and communities increase their knowledge and skills in disease control and plan interventions. A mixed method cross-sectional baseline household survey was carried out in Migori and Kwale counties which constituted the intervention and control study sites respectively. The primary study participants were heads of households while secondary were FGDs and KIIs. Mean annual malaria cases for those above five years for all facilities in Migori County were 154/1000 compared to 113/1000 in Kwale. Mean annual malaria morbidity among children under five in all health facilities in Migori was 132/1000 compared to 32/1000 in Kwale. Net ownership among households in Migori was 65.8% compared to 31.4% Kwale. Pregnant women attending ANC in Migori was 60.0% compared to 92.9% in Kwale. 20% of pregnant women received IPTp3 in Migori was compared to 18.2% in Kwale. Malaria incidence in Migori was 36.73% compared to 63.7% for Kwale. Nets in use the night before survey by pregnant women in Migori was 38.6% compared to Kwale that was 28.5%. Proportion tested for malaria in Migori was 45.3% compared to Kwale that was 40%. 32.9% of household respondents in Migori took ACT within 24 hours after fever started was compared to 8% in Kwale. The study concludes that community health units exist within the two counties and thus provides opportunities to strengthening community health services to achieve access and utilization of malaria control interventions at this level.

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a ripple effect on all our lives, changing our work, leisure, sleeping patterns, food habits and everyday lives. Persons with disabilities, especially those with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), have borne the biggest brunt of the pandemic, being marginalised and side-lined in aspects of medical treatment, accessibility to public facilities and services, and support systems. This paper focuses on the impact of the pandemic on the lives of child athletes with IDD in West Bengal. The study uses primary data collected from guardians of children with IDD using interviews, along with data from other empirical research. The routines of child athletes with IDD have broken down, and have resulted in them undergoing multifarious behavioural and emotional changes. Apart from finding it difficult to cope with the changing situation, the children are also facing problems in accessing medical facilities and services, educational institutions, and open spaces. The legal frameworks for maintaining the health of PWDs are not being followed, causing deterioration and breakdown in communication, transportation, accessibility to services and schemes. Finally, the paper ends with suggestions and measures that must be taken to enable the PWD population to maintain a life of dignity and well-being. It looks at the changes in behavioral patterns, sleep patterns, and the changes in the daily routines of these athletes. It further looks into the ways these athletes have used mechanisms of sports and exercise to create new sets of routine in making sense of the pandemic life. Accessibility to healthcare facilities and services during this period has also been analysed, and the multifarious problems it holds for persons with disabilities. Legal frameworks at both international and national levels, along with new guidelines for care of PWDs, and the overall Government response in the pandemic have also been studied. Finally, the paper ends with suggestions and measures that must be taken to enable the PWD population to maintain a life of dignity and well-being.